1866 Calendar
What Happened In Year 1866?
- January 18, 1866 – Wesley College, Melbourne is established.
- February 16, 1866 – Spencer Compton Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington becomes British Secretary of State for War.
- February 25, 1866 – Miners in Calaveras County, California, discover what is now called the Calaveras Skull, human remains that supposedly indicated that man, mastodons, and elephants had co-existed.
- April 4, 1866 – Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt in the city of Kiev.
- April 6, 1866 – The Grand Army of the Republic, an American patriotic organization composed of Union veterans of the American Civil War, is founded. It lasts until 1956.
- April 10, 1866 – The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh.
- May 2, 1866 – Peruvian defenders fight off Spanish fleet at the Battle of Callao.
- May 5, 1866 – Memorial Day first celebrated in United States at Waterloo, New York.
- May 16, 1866 – The U.S. Congress eliminates the half dime coin and replaces it with the five cent piece, or nickel.
- May 31, 1866 – In the Fenian Invasion of Canada, John O'Neill leads 850 Fenian raiders across the Niagara River at Buffalo, New York/Fort Erie, Ontario, as part of an effort to free Ireland from the United Kingdom. Canadian militia and British regulars repulse the invaders in over the next three days, at a cost of 9 dead and 38 wounded to the Fenian’s 19 dead and about 17 wounded.
- June 2, 1866 – Fenian raids: Fenians are victorious in both the Battle of Ridgeway and the Battle of Fort Erie.
- June 7, 1866 – 1,800 Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after they loot and plunder around Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg, Quebec.
- June 24, 1866 – Battle of Custoza: an Austrian army defeats the Italian army during the Austro-Prussian War.
- July 3, 1866 – Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgratz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
- July 20, 1866 – Austro-Prussian War: Battle of Lissa – The Austrian Navy , led by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff, defeats the Italian Navy near the island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea.
- July 24, 1866 – Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. State to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
- July 25, 1866 – The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the five-star rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
- August 20, 1866 – President Andrew Johnson formally declares the American Civil War over.
- October 19, 1866 – Venice - Annexion of Veneto and Mantua to Italy - At Hotel Europa, Austria hands over Veneto to France, which hands it immediately over to Italy.
- October 22, 1866 – A plebiscite ratifies the annexion of Veneto and Mantua to Italy, occurred three days before, on October 19.
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